Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil (ANFO) is a widely used explosive material, primarily in the mining and construction industries. It consists of a mixture of ammonium nitrate, a nitrogen-rich compound, and fuel oil, which serves as the energy source. ANFO is valued for its cost-effectiveness, stability, and ease of handling, making it a popular choice for blasting operations. When detonated, ANFO produces a powerful explosion, releasing gases that expand rapidly. This explosive reaction is efficient for breaking rock and other materials, facilitating excavation and tunneling. Due to its properties, ANFO is often preferred for large-scale projects where significant energy is required.