ANFO stands for Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil, a widely used explosive in mining and construction. It consists of a mixture of ammonium nitrate, a common fertilizer, and fuel oil. This combination creates a powerful explosive that is relatively safe to handle and transport, making it popular in various industries. The production of ANFO is straightforward, as it requires minimal processing. It is typically used in bulk form, where it is loaded into blast holes before detonation. ANFO is favored for its cost-effectiveness and efficiency in breaking rock, which is essential for operations in quarries and mines.