The Al-Buwayhids were a Persian dynasty that ruled parts of Iran and Iraq during the 10th and 11th centuries. They emerged as powerful leaders after the decline of the Abbasid Caliphate, establishing their authority in Baghdad and promoting Shia Islam. Their reign is noted for cultural and intellectual advancements, as they supported scholars and artists. The dynasty was founded by Buwayh, a military leader, and his brothers, who expanded their territory through strategic alliances and military conquests. The Al-Buwayhids played a crucial role in the political landscape of the time, influencing the balance of power in the region until their decline in the face of rising Seljuk power.