Ad personalization is the process of tailoring advertisements to individual users based on their preferences, behaviors, and demographics. This technique uses data collected from various sources, such as browsing history, social media activity, and purchase patterns, to create a more relevant advertising experience. By showing users ads that align with their interests, companies aim to increase engagement and conversion rates. The effectiveness of ad personalization relies on algorithms and machine learning, which analyze user data to predict what products or services might appeal to them. This approach not only benefits advertisers by improving their return on investment but also enhances the user experience by presenting content that resonates with their needs and desires.