AMPK, or AMP-activated protein kinase, is an important enzyme found in cells that helps regulate energy balance. It acts as a sensor for cellular energy levels, activating when energy is low and inhibiting processes that consume energy, such as fat and carbohydrate synthesis. This helps maintain energy homeostasis in the body. When activated, AMPK promotes energy-producing processes like fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake, while also enhancing mitochondrial function. It plays a crucial role in metabolic health and is a target for treatments related to conditions like obesity and type 2 diabetes.