The expression "5x10" represents a mathematical multiplication problem where the number 5 is multiplied by the number 10. The result of this operation is 50, which is the total amount obtained when you have five groups of ten. In practical terms, "5x10" can be used in various contexts, such as calculating the total cost of five items priced at ten units each. This multiplication is a fundamental concept in arithmetic, often taught in early education to help students understand basic math operations.