Arithmetic is a branch of mathematics that deals with the basic operations of numbers. These operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Arithmetic is fundamental for everyday calculations, such as budgeting, measuring, and time management. In arithmetic, numbers can be whole numbers, fractions, or decimals. It serves as the foundation for more advanced mathematical concepts, such as algebra and geometry. Mastering arithmetic is essential for students, as it helps develop problem-solving skills and logical thinking.