Multiplication is a basic mathematical operation that combines equal groups to find a total. For example, if you have 3 groups of 4 apples each, you can find the total number of apples by multiplying 3 by 4, which equals 12. This operation is often represented by the symbol "×" or by using a dot, like "3 · 4". In multiplication, the numbers being multiplied are called factors, and the result is called the product. It is a fundamental concept used in various areas of math, including algebra and geometry, and is essential for solving problems involving area, volume, and scaling.