Nineteenth-century America was a time of significant change and growth. The country expanded westward, driven by the idea of Manifest Destiny, which encouraged settlers to move into new territories. This period saw the rise of industries, the development of railroads, and the growth of cities, transforming the economy and society. Social movements also gained momentum during this time. The abolitionist movement sought to end slavery, while the women's suffrage movement fought for women's rights, including the right to vote. These movements laid the groundwork for future social reforms and highlighted the ongoing struggle for equality in America.