19th Century Art is characterized by a diverse range of movements that reflect the changing social and political landscapes of the time. Key movements include Romanticism, which emphasized emotion and individualism, and Impressionism, known for its innovative use of light and color. Artists like Claude Monet and Vincent van Gogh emerged during this period, pushing the boundaries of traditional art forms. This century also saw the rise of Realism, which aimed to depict everyday life and ordinary people. The art of this era laid the groundwork for modern art, influencing countless artists and movements that followed, making it a pivotal time in art history.