In 1898, the United States engaged in the Spanish-American War, a conflict that marked a significant turning point in American foreign policy. The war was primarily fought over issues related to Cuba, which sought independence from Spain. The U.S. victory led to the Treaty of Paris, resulting in Spain ceding territories such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the United States. Additionally, 1898 saw the establishment of the Hawaiian Islands as a U.S. territory after the annexation of Hawaii. This year was pivotal in expanding American influence in the Pacific and the Caribbean, shaping the nation's role as an emerging global power.