The year 1800 marked the beginning of the 19th century and was significant in various historical contexts. It was a time of political change, particularly in Europe, where the effects of the French Revolution were still being felt. In the United States, the election of 1800 led to a peaceful transfer of power between political parties, a crucial moment in the development of American democracy. In science, 1800 is notable for the invention of the voltaic pile by Alessandro Volta, which was the first true battery and paved the way for advancements in electrical science. This year also saw the establishment of the Royal Institution in London, which became a center for scientific research and education.