In the 17th century, France was a powerful kingdom under the rule of the Bourbon dynasty. This period saw the rise of influential monarchs like Louis XIII and Louis XIV, who centralized authority and strengthened the state. The economy grew, and France became a cultural hub, known for advancements in art, literature, and philosophy. The century was marked by significant events, including the Thirty Years' War and the establishment of the French Academy in 1635. The era also witnessed the development of classicism in literature and theater, with writers like Molière and Racine gaining prominence.