In the 16th century, England experienced significant changes, particularly during the reign of Henry VIII and the Tudor dynasty. This period saw the establishment of the Church of England, breaking away from the Roman Catholic Church due to Henry VIII's desire for an annulment. The era was marked by political intrigue, religious conflict, and the rise of the monarchy's power. The Elizabethan Era, named after Queen Elizabeth I, followed, bringing cultural flourishing and exploration. This time saw the works of playwrights like William Shakespeare and advancements in arts and sciences. England also began to expand its influence overseas, setting the stage for future colonial endeavors.