The "마카비 반란" (Maccabean Revolt) was a Jewish uprising against the Seleucid Empire, which ruled over Judea in the 2nd century BCE. The revolt began in 167 BCE, led by the 마카비 가문 (Maccabees) in response to the oppressive policies of King 안티오코스 에피파네스, who sought to impose Hellenistic culture and outlaw Jewish practices. The Maccabees achieved significant victories, reclaiming Jerusalem and rededicating the 제2 성전 (Second Temple) in 164 BCE. This event is celebrated during the festival of 한카 (Hanukkah). The revolt ultimately led to the establishment of the 하스몬 왕조 (Hasmonean dynasty), which ruled Judea for several decades.