The "공화국 운동" (Republic Movement) refers to a political movement in Korea that aimed to establish a republic and promote democratic governance. This movement emerged in the early 20th century, particularly during the period of Japanese colonial rule, as Koreans sought independence and self-determination. Key figures in the movement included activists and intellectuals who advocated for national sovereignty and civil rights. The movement played a significant role in shaping modern Korean history, leading to the eventual establishment of the 대한민국 (Republic of Korea) after the end of Japanese occupation in 1945.