慈禧太后 (Cixi) was a powerful Chinese empress dowager who ruled during the late Qing Dynasty. Born in 1835, she became the de facto leader of China after the death of her husband, Emperor Xianfeng. Cixi was known for her strong political influence and her ability to navigate the complexities of court politics. During her reign, Cixi faced numerous challenges, including foreign invasions and internal rebellions. She implemented various reforms to modernize China, such as promoting education and military improvements. However, her conservative policies also led to resistance and criticism, particularly during events like the Boxer Rebellion. Cixi passed away in 1908, leaving a significant legacy in Chinese history.