The Mughal Empire was a prominent historical empire in the Indian subcontinent, established in the early 16th century. It was founded by Babur, a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan, and reached its peak under rulers like Akbar, Jahangir, and Shah Jahan. The empire is known for its rich cultural contributions, including art, architecture, and literature. The Mughals were known for their unique blend of Persian, Indian, and Islamic influences, which shaped the region's culture. Iconic structures like the Taj Mahal and Red Fort exemplify their architectural achievements. The empire began to decline in the 18th century due to internal strife and external invasions.