Φρέντερικ Νίτσε (Friedrich Nietzsche) was a German philosopher born in 1844, known for his influential ideas on morality, culture, and the nature of existence. He challenged traditional beliefs and proposed concepts such as the Übermensch (Overman) and the idea of the will to power, emphasizing individual strength and creativity. Nietzsche's works, including Thus Spoke Zarathustra and Beyond Good and Evil, critique religion and promote the idea of life affirmation. He is often associated with existentialism and nihilism, exploring themes of meaning and value in a world without inherent purpose. Nietzsche passed away in 1900, leaving a lasting impact on philosophy and literature.