The United Kingdom (UK) is a country located off the northwestern coast of mainland Europe. It consists of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The capital city is London, which is known for its rich history and cultural landmarks. The UK has a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with King Charles III as the current monarch. The UK has a diverse population and is known for its contributions to literature, science, and the arts. It has a mixed economy, with significant sectors including finance, manufacturing, and services. The UK is also a member of various international organizations, including the United Nations and NATO.