Ventilation shafts are vertical passages in buildings or structures designed to allow air to flow in and out. They help maintain indoor air quality by facilitating the exchange of fresh air and the removal of stale air. These shafts are commonly found in large buildings, such as skyscrapers and subway systems, where proper airflow is essential for comfort and safety. In addition to improving air quality, ventilation shafts can also assist in temperature regulation. They are often part of a larger HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) system, which works to control the climate within a space. Properly designed ventilation shafts can enhance energy efficiency and reduce the need for mechanical cooling or heating.