Building systems refer to the various components and technologies that work together to create a functional and efficient structure. These systems include essential elements such as HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning), plumbing, electrical wiring, and fire protection. Each system plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety, comfort, and usability of a building. In addition to these core systems, building systems also encompass smart technology and energy management solutions that enhance performance and sustainability. By integrating these systems, architects and engineers can design buildings that are not only more efficient but also responsive to the needs of occupants and the environment.