Vellum is a fine-quality writing material made from animal skin, typically from calves, goats, or sheep. It has been used for centuries to create important documents, manuscripts, and books due to its durability and smooth surface. Vellum is often considered superior to paper because it can last for centuries without deteriorating. The process of making vellum involves cleaning and stretching the animal skin, which is then treated to create a smooth, white surface. Historically, scribes used vellum for illuminated manuscripts, and it remains valued today by calligraphers and artists for its unique texture and appearance.