Vancomycin is an antibiotic used to treat serious bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Gram-positive bacteria. It is often prescribed for infections that do not respond to other antibiotics, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Vancomycin works by inhibiting the bacteria's cell wall synthesis, ultimately leading to their death. This medication can be administered intravenously or orally, depending on the type of infection being treated. While effective, vancomycin can have side effects, including kidney damage and red man syndrome, which is a reaction that causes flushing and rash. Regular monitoring is essential during treatment.