Vacuum filtration is a laboratory technique used to separate solids from liquids. It involves using a vacuum pump to create a low-pressure environment, which helps pull the liquid through a filter. The solid particles are trapped on the filter paper, while the liquid, known as the filtrate, collects in a container below. This method is efficient and faster than traditional gravity filtration. It is commonly used in chemistry and biology labs for purifying substances, concentrating solutions, or removing impurities. The setup typically includes a Büchner funnel, a filter paper, and a flask to collect the filtrate.