Uterine contractions are the tightening and relaxing of the muscles in the uterus. These contractions play a crucial role during labor, helping to push the baby through the birth canal. They can vary in intensity and frequency, often starting as mild and becoming stronger as labor progresses. During pregnancy, hormones like oxytocin trigger these contractions. They can also occur during the menstrual cycle, causing discomfort for some individuals. Monitoring the pattern of contractions is important for healthcare providers to assess the progress of labor and ensure the safety of both the mother and the baby.