A urologist is a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating conditions related to the urinary tract and male reproductive system. This includes organs such as the kidneys, bladder, urethra, and prostate. Urologists handle a variety of issues, from urinary infections to more complex conditions like kidney stones and prostate cancer. In addition to treating diseases, urologists perform surgeries and may also provide preventive care. They often work closely with other healthcare professionals to ensure comprehensive treatment for patients. Common procedures performed by urologists include cystoscopy, vasectomy, and nephrectomy.