Nephrectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of one or both kidneys. This operation is typically performed to treat conditions such as kidney cancer, severe kidney damage, or kidney disease. The surgery can be done using traditional open surgery or minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopic surgery, which involves smaller incisions and often results in quicker recovery times. After a nephrectomy, patients may need to adjust to life with one kidney or manage the effects of losing both. Regular follow-up care is essential to monitor kidney function and overall health. Most people can lead normal lives with one healthy kidney.