Upper motor neurons are a type of nerve cell located in the brain and spinal cord that play a crucial role in controlling voluntary movements. They send signals from the brain to lower motor neurons, which then communicate with muscles to produce movement. These neurons are essential for planning, initiating, and coordinating movements. Damage to upper motor neurons can lead to various neurological conditions, such as stroke or multiple sclerosis. Symptoms of upper motor neuron damage may include muscle weakness, spasticity, and exaggerated reflexes. Understanding their function is important for diagnosing and treating movement disorders.