Underwater earthquakes occur when tectonic plates beneath the ocean shift suddenly, releasing energy in the form of seismic waves. These movements can happen along faults, where two plates meet, and can vary in intensity. The energy released can cause the ocean floor to rise or fall, leading to changes in water pressure. When a significant underwater earthquake occurs, it can generate a tsunami, which is a series of large ocean waves. These waves can travel across entire ocean basins and cause devastating effects when they reach coastal areas. Monitoring underwater earthquakes is crucial for early warning systems to protect communities.