Umbilical cord problems refer to issues that can arise with the umbilical cord, which connects a developing fetus to the placenta. These problems can include conditions like a knot in the cord, which can restrict blood flow, or a prolapsed cord, where the cord slips ahead of the baby during delivery, potentially compressing it. Another common issue is a short cord, which can limit the baby's movement and may lead to complications during labor. Additionally, a velamentous cord insertion occurs when the cord attaches to the membranes instead of the placenta, increasing the risk of bleeding and other complications during delivery.