Typology is the study and classification of types or categories within a particular field. It helps organize and understand complex information by grouping similar items based on shared characteristics. For example, in linguistics, typology can categorize languages into types based on their grammatical structures. In archaeology, typology is used to classify artifacts according to their form, style, or function. This classification aids researchers in identifying cultural patterns and historical developments. By establishing clear categories, typology enhances our understanding of various subjects, making it easier to analyze and compare different elements within a discipline.