Tritanopia is a type of color vision deficiency that affects the perception of blue and yellow colors. Individuals with tritanopia have difficulty distinguishing between these colors, often confusing blue with green and yellow with gray. This condition is caused by a genetic mutation that affects the cones in the retina responsible for detecting short wavelengths of light. Tritanopia is much less common than other forms of color blindness, such as red-green color blindness. It occurs in approximately 1 in 10,000 individuals and is equally prevalent in both males and females. Diagnosis is typically made through color vision tests, which help identify the specific type of color vision deficiency.