Trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal nerve, which is responsible for sensation in the face. It is characterized by sudden, severe, and sharp facial pain, often triggered by everyday activities like eating, talking, or touching the face. The pain can be brief but intense, leading to significant discomfort and distress. The exact cause of trigeminal neuralgia is often linked to compression of the trigeminal nerve, usually by a blood vessel. It can also be associated with conditions like multiple sclerosis or tumors. Treatment options include medications, nerve blocks, and in some cases, surgery to relieve pressure on the nerve.