Tribal systems refer to social structures organized around small, close-knit groups known as tribes. These tribes often share common cultural practices, languages, and beliefs, fostering a strong sense of community and identity among their members. Leadership within tribal systems can vary, with some tribes having formal leaders, while others operate more democratically. In many cases, tribal systems are based on kinship ties, where family relationships play a crucial role in social organization. These systems can be found in various parts of the world, including among indigenous peoples and in historical contexts, such as the Native American tribes or the Maasai of East Africa.