Transcriptomics is the study of the complete set of RNA molecules produced in a cell or organism at a specific time. This field focuses on understanding how genes are expressed and regulated, providing insights into cellular functions and responses to various conditions. By analyzing mRNA levels, researchers can determine which genes are active and how they contribute to processes like development, disease, and environmental adaptation. The techniques used in transcriptomics, such as RNA sequencing and microarrays, allow scientists to measure the abundance of different transcripts. This information helps in identifying gene expression patterns, discovering new genes, and understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying various biological phenomena.