Traditional Chinese art encompasses a variety of forms, including painting, calligraphy, ceramics, and sculpture. It often emphasizes harmony with nature, using techniques that reflect the philosophies of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism. Common themes include landscapes, flowers, and animals, often symbolizing deeper meanings. Chinese painting is typically done with ink and brush on rice paper or silk, showcasing fluid brushwork. Calligraphy is considered a high art form, where the beauty of characters conveys emotion and thought. Ceramics, especially porcelain, are renowned for their intricate designs and craftsmanship, reflecting the rich cultural heritage of China.