Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a rare but serious condition caused by bacterial toxins, often linked to Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. It can occur in anyone but is commonly associated with women using tampons or having surgical wounds. Symptoms include high fever, rash, low blood pressure, and organ dysfunction. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for recovery. TSS can lead to severe complications, including organ failure and death if not addressed promptly. Preventive measures include proper hygiene and avoiding prolonged use of tampons. Awareness of symptoms can help in seeking timely medical attention.