Tiling problems involve covering a surface with tiles without overlaps or gaps. These problems can be mathematical puzzles or practical challenges in areas like construction and art. Common examples include arranging square tiles on a floor or fitting irregular shapes into a designated area. One famous example of a tiling problem is the domino tiling problem, where the goal is to cover a rectangular grid using dominoes, which are 1x2 tiles. Solving these problems often requires understanding geometric principles and can lead to insights in areas like combinatorics and graph theory.