Domino tiling is a mathematical concept that involves covering a flat surface, typically a rectangle, using dominoes. A domino is a rectangular tile divided into two squares, each marked with a number. The goal is to completely fill the area without overlaps or gaps, using a specific number of dominoes. This problem can be explored in various sizes and shapes, leading to interesting questions about the arrangements and configurations possible. Domino tiling is often studied in the field of combinatorics and has applications in computer science, particularly in algorithms and complexity theory.