Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is a technique used to measure the change in weight of a material as it is heated or cooled. This method helps scientists understand the thermal stability and composition of substances by observing how they lose mass at different temperatures. TGA is commonly used in materials science, chemistry, and pharmaceuticals to analyze polymers, metals, and other compounds. During a TGA experiment, a sample is placed on a balance inside a furnace. As the temperature changes, the balance records the weight loss or gain, providing valuable data about processes like decomposition, oxidation, or moisture loss. This information is crucial for developing new materials and ensuring product quality.