The potato, originally domesticated in the Andean region of South America over 7,000 years ago, was a staple food for ancient civilizations like the Incas. It was introduced to Europe in the late 16th century by Spanish explorers, quickly becoming popular due to its nutritional value and adaptability to various climates. By the 19th century, the potato had spread globally, becoming a key crop in many countries. However, it also faced challenges, such as the devastating Irish Potato Famine in the 1840s, which highlighted the risks of monoculture. Today, the potato remains one of the world's most important food sources.