The European Space Agency (ESA) is an intergovernmental organization dedicated to space exploration and research. Established in 1975, it consists of 22 member states, primarily from Europe. ESA's mission includes developing satellite technology, conducting scientific research, and collaborating on international space missions. ESA operates various programs, including Earth observation, human spaceflight, and planetary exploration. Notable projects include the Hubble Space Telescope and the Mars Express mission. By working with other space agencies, such as NASA, ESA aims to advance our understanding of space and improve life on Earth through innovative technologies.