The testing effect refers to the psychological phenomenon where retrieving information from memory through testing enhances long-term retention of that information. When individuals take tests, they actively recall what they have learned, which strengthens their memory and understanding of the material. This effect is often observed in educational settings, where frequent testing can lead to better performance on future assessments. Research shows that the testing effect is more effective than simply reviewing material. This means that students who engage in self-testing or practice exams tend to remember information better than those who only read or highlight texts. Overall, the testing effect highlights the importance of active engagement in the learning process.