Terpenoids, also known as isoprenoids, are a large and diverse class of organic compounds derived from terpenes. They are primarily produced by plants and some animals and play essential roles in various biological functions, including growth and defense. Terpenoids contribute to the aroma and flavor of many plants, making them important in the food and fragrance industries. These compounds are characterized by their structure, which is based on a basic unit of five carbon atoms called isoprene. Terpenoids can be classified into different categories, such as monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids, depending on the number of isoprene units they contain. They are also known for their potential medicinal properties, with some being used in traditional medicine.