Tephra refers to the solid material ejected during a volcanic eruption. This material can include a variety of particles, such as ash, pumice, and volcanic rock fragments. Tephra is classified based on its size, with ash being the smallest and bombs being larger, more solid pieces. When a volcano erupts, tephra can be dispersed over large areas by wind, affecting landscapes and ecosystems. It can also pose hazards to human health and infrastructure, as volcanic ash can damage buildings and contaminate water supplies. Understanding tephra is essential for assessing volcanic risks and preparing for eruptions.