Telephone surveys are a method of data collection where researchers ask questions over the phone to gather information from respondents. This approach allows for direct interaction, enabling interviewers to clarify questions and encourage participation. Telephone surveys are often used in market research, public opinion polling, and customer satisfaction assessments. These surveys can reach a wide audience quickly and are typically less expensive than in-person interviews. However, they may face challenges such as declining response rates and the potential for bias if certain demographics are less likely to answer calls. Overall, telephone surveys remain a valuable tool for gathering insights.