In Indian classical music, "swaras" are the basic musical notes that form the foundation of melodies. There are seven primary swaras: Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, and Ni. Each swara has a specific pitch and plays a crucial role in creating different ragas, which are the frameworks for improvisation and composition. Swaras can be further categorized into two types: shuddha (natural) and vikrit (altered). The shuddha swaras are the original notes, while the vikrit swaras include variations like komal (flat) and tivra (sharp). Understanding swaras is essential for musicians and singers in mastering the art of Indian classical music.