Surrealism is an artistic and literary movement that began in the early 20th century, primarily in Europe. It aims to challenge the conventional perception of reality by exploring the unconscious mind, dreams, and the bizarre. Surrealists often use unexpected juxtapositions and illogical scenes to create a sense of wonder and provoke thought. Key figures in the movement include artists like Salvador Dalí and René Magritte, as well as writers such as André Breton. Surrealism has influenced various forms of art, literature, and film, encouraging creators to break free from traditional constraints and embrace imagination and spontaneity.