"Supermajors" are the largest publicly traded oil and gas companies in the world. They typically have extensive operations in exploration, production, refining, and distribution of oil and natural gas. Examples of supermajors include ExxonMobil, Royal Dutch Shell, and BP. These companies often operate globally and have significant influence on energy markets. Supermajors are characterized by their vast resources, advanced technology, and large-scale operations. They play a crucial role in meeting global energy demands and are involved in various initiatives related to sustainability and renewable energy. Their size and reach allow them to invest heavily in research and development to adapt to changing energy landscapes.